The China Ports team visited four European ports (Gothenburg, Antwerp, Hamburg and Rotterdam) and several research institutes in December 2015. The goal of this visit was threefold: i) to gain a better understanding of the legislation and regulations for controlling air pollution from European ports, especially during port development and expansion, ii) to learn about the Emission Control Area (ECA) enforcement programs now being developed at those ports, and iii) to explore opportunities for cooperation and exchange with ports and environmental groups in Europe. The information collected during this trip will help inform our recommendations to Chinese officials for an enforcement program for the China ECAs and promote clean port development.